{"id":7026,"date":"2021-12-13T10:48:17","date_gmt":"2021-12-13T10:48:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/?p=7026"},"modified":"2021-12-13T10:48:18","modified_gmt":"2021-12-13T10:48:18","slug":"using-bluetooth-mesh-and-space-time-frequency-diversity-to-improve-locating-accuracy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/using-bluetooth-mesh-and-space-time-frequency-diversity-to-improve-locating-accuracy\/","title":{"rendered":"Using Bluetooth Mesh and Space, Time, Frequency Diversity to Improve Locating Accuracy"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>There&#8217;s new research from the Department of Electrical Engineering, University of North Texas, USA on<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2673-8732\/1\/3\/18\/htm\" target=\"_blank\"> Measurement and Analysis of RSS Using Bluetooth Mesh Network for Localization Applications<\/a>. The paper explains how received signal strength (RSSI) based solutions have accuracy limitations in radio multipath (radio reflective) environments. It describes a solution that improves accuracy using Bluetooth mesh and Bluetooth channel-based processing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/bluetoothandwifichannels.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7027\" width=\"636\" height=\"281\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/bluetoothandwifichannels.png 848w, https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/bluetoothandwifichannels-300x132.png 300w, https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/bluetoothandwifichannels-768x339.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 984px) 61vw, (max-width: 1362px) 45vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption>Bluetooth and WiFi Channels<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>A system was created that exploits the space, time, and frequency diversities in measurements. Different Bluetooth channels have different fading effects. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/bluetoothmeshlocatingarchitecture.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7029\" width=\"624\" height=\"290\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/bluetoothmeshlocatingarchitecture.png 832w, https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/bluetoothmeshlocatingarchitecture-300x139.png 300w, https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/bluetoothmeshlocatingarchitecture-768x356.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 984px) 61vw, (max-width: 1362px) 45vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Advertising was modified to make it Bluetooth channel-aware to be able to differentiate the fading effects. It was possible to reduce the residual fitting errors in the path loss models by using a space-time-frequency diversity combining scheme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/bluetoothchannelawareadvertising-1024x479.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7030\" width=\"768\" height=\"359\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/bluetoothchannelawareadvertising-1024x479.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/bluetoothchannelawareadvertising-300x140.png 300w, https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/bluetoothchannelawareadvertising-768x359.png 768w, https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/bluetoothchannelawareadvertising-1536x719.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/bluetoothchannelawareadvertising-2048x958.png 2048w, https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/bluetoothchannelawareadvertising-1200x561.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 984px) 61vw, (max-width: 1362px) 45vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The system was demonstrated using ESP32 BLE modules.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/esp32bluetoothdevices.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7028\" width=\"608\" height=\"237\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/esp32bluetoothdevices.jpg 811w, https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/esp32bluetoothdevices-300x117.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/esp32bluetoothdevices-768x299.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 984px) 61vw, (max-width: 1362px) 45vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The system significantly reduced the residual linear regression fitting errors in path loss models. It was able to more accurately use RSSI to measure the distance between the transmitter and receiver. The researchers demonstrated it&#8217;s possible to implement the proposed multi-receiver configuration and the diversity combining scheme using commercial off-the-shelf standard BLE devices.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>There&#8217;s new research from the Department of Electrical Engineering, University of North Texas, USA on Measurement and Analysis of RSS Using Bluetooth Mesh Network for Localization Applications. The paper explains how received signal strength (RSSI) based solutions have accuracy limitations in radio multipath (radio reflective) environments. It describes a solution that improves accuracy using Bluetooth &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/using-bluetooth-mesh-and-space-time-frequency-diversity-to-improve-locating-accuracy\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Using Bluetooth Mesh and Space, Time, Frequency Diversity to Improve Locating Accuracy&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[31,157,32],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7026"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7026"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7026\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7031,"href":"https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7026\/revisions\/7031"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7026"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7026"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7026"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}