{"id":7133,"date":"2022-01-28T09:48:13","date_gmt":"2022-01-28T09:48:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/?p=7133"},"modified":"2022-01-28T09:48:14","modified_gmt":"2022-01-28T09:48:14","slug":"bluetooth-le-in-smart-cities","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/bluetooth-le-in-smart-cities\/","title":{"rendered":"Bluetooth LE in Smart Cities"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Researchers from Spain have a recent paper on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-9292\/10\/22\/2735\/htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Experimental Application of Bluetooth Low Energy Connectionless in Smart Cities<\/a> that considers the increased range and improved robustness provided by Bluetooth 5.x.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The paper describes the various types of communication:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/smartcitiestypesofcommunication-1024x511.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7134\" width=\"512\" height=\"256\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/smartcitiestypesofcommunication-1024x511.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/smartcitiestypesofcommunication-300x150.png 300w, https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/smartcitiestypesofcommunication-768x384.png 768w, https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/smartcitiestypesofcommunication-1536x767.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/smartcitiestypesofcommunication-2048x1023.png 2048w, https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/smartcitiestypesofcommunication-1200x599.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 512px) 85vw, 512px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The paper includes a description of Bluetooth LE including advertising and the different physical layer modes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/bluetoothscanning-1024x679.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7135\" width=\"512\" height=\"340\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/bluetoothscanning-1024x679.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/bluetoothscanning-300x199.png 300w, https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/bluetoothscanning-768x509.png 768w, https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/bluetoothscanning-1536x1018.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/bluetoothscanning-2048x1358.png 2048w, https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/bluetoothscanning-1200x796.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 512px) 85vw, 512px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>There&#8217;s an experimental evaluation of the new, more-robust, long-range radio mode when used in smart cities scenarios. The I2V scenario is evaluated, where reception is measured against variation in distance and vehicle speed. The I2P scenario is evaluated against interference from WiFi and classic (non LE) Bluetooth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/smartcityexperiments-1024x590.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7136\" width=\"512\" height=\"295\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/smartcityexperiments-1024x590.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/smartcityexperiments-300x173.png 300w, https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/smartcityexperiments-768x443.png 768w, https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/smartcityexperiments-1536x885.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/smartcityexperiments-2048x1180.png 2048w, https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/smartcityexperiments-1200x691.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 512px) 85vw, 512px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The researchers found an overall packet loss of 20\u201330%, regardless of mobility speed, compared to the static scenarios. The classic Bluetooth 4 mode was found to be more immune to coexistence with the WiFi protocol than any BLE 5.x mode. The researchers say this is because Bluetooth 5 extended advertisements 1) make use of more than one channel and 2) have longer data are both can cause more susceptibility to interference. Nevertheless, the updates introduced with Bluetooth 5 allow broadcasting over much longer distances.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The paper concludes the maturity and low cost of the technology could enable fast, easy deployment in smart cities compared to other solutions.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Researchers from Spain have a recent paper on Experimental Application of Bluetooth Low Energy Connectionless in Smart Cities that considers the increased range and improved robustness provided by Bluetooth 5.x. The paper describes the various types of communication: The paper includes a description of Bluetooth LE including advertising and the different physical layer modes. There&#8217;s &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/bluetooth-le-in-smart-cities\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Bluetooth LE in Smart Cities&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,122,140],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7133"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7133"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7133\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7187,"href":"https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7133\/revisions\/7187"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7133"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7133"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beaconzone.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7133"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}